Restrictive competition practices that complaints can be filed about.

Mergers, Acquisitions, and Market Monopolization

Anticompetitive and restrictive practices vary, challenging the freedom of fair competition in markets and causing an economic system disruption with negative economic and social implications for both consumers and industries, especially emerging ones, suffering greatly from such practices.

Types of Restrictive Practices
Restrictive agreements and contracts are prohibited according to competition protection laws and anti-monopoly practices. It is forbidden for persons or competitive entities to agree or contract in a specific market with the aim of disrupting, limiting, or preventing competition, particularly those targeting, for example, the fixing, raising, or lowering of goods and services prices, collusion in bids or offers in auctions and tenders, or forcing competitors out of markets.

Abuse of Dominant Position
Dominance in a specific market is established with elements like a person holding more than 25% of the market share and the capacity to effectively influence prices and product volumes, with competitors unable to mitigate this influence. Examples of such dominance include total or partial prevention of manufacturing and distribution processes, or limiting dealings with a competitor.

Economic Concentrations
This refers to any act resulting in the total or partial transfer (merger or acquisition) of ownership or usufruct rights in properties, rights, shares, portions, or obligations of an establishment to another. This could enable an establishment or a group of establishments to control, directly or indirectly, another establishment or group of establishments with the intention of limiting fair competition.

Laws aim to provide an environment that stimulates establishments to enhance effectiveness, competitiveness, consumer interest, and achieve sustainable development while preserving a competitive market governed by market mechanisms. They prohibit restrictive agreements, acts, and behaviors leading to the abuse of a dominant position, monitor economic concentrations, and avoid anything that could disrupt, limit, or prevent competition.

Companies/industries can benefit from competition protection and anti-monopolistic practice laws, especially in highly competitive markets prone to violations. Many companies and industries have managed to maintain their market presence and develop their businesses by counteracting illegal mergers and acquisitions, imposing measures that limit market and customer sharing, or restricting production.

Fair competition in a competitive market governed by market mechanisms ensures prosperity and sustainability at the levels of industry, individuals, and the state alike.